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A meniscal repair is a surgical procedure aimed at treating a torn meniscus, a C-shaped piece of cartilage in the knee that acts as a shock absorber and stabilizer. Meniscal tears often result from sports injuries or wear and tear over time and often alongside a ligament injury. The procedure aims to preserve the meniscus whenever possible to maintain knee function and stability. It is very important to repair and save as much meniscal tissue as possible in the knee joint as it is essential for normal joint function. At Avant we use special techniques and implants to ensure we save as much meniscal tissue and get a stable repair with the highest capacity to heal.
Pre-Procedure Preparation
Before undergoing meniscal repair, patients undergo a thorough evaluation, including a physical examination and review of medical history. Imaging tests such as MRI are conducted to assess the size, location, and type of meniscal tear. Pre-operative instructions are provided, which may include fasting before surgery, adjusting medications, and arranging transportation to and from the hospital or surgical center.
The Procedure
Meniscal repair surgery begins with administering anaesthesia to ensure patient comfort. The surgeon typically uses arthroscopy, a minimally invasive technique, to access the knee joint. Small incisions are made to insert an arthroscope and surgical instruments. The surgeon assesses the tear and determines whether the meniscus can be repaired. If repairable, the torn edges of the meniscus are trimmed to create a stable surface for healing. Sutures or other fixation devices are then used to secure the torn edges together. In some cases, a graft may be used to augment the repair.
Post-Procedure Care
After meniscal repair, the patient is monitored in a recovery room as anaesthesia wears off. Pain and swelling are managed with medications and ice packs. Patients receive detailed instructions on wound care, medications, and activity restrictions to promote healing and prevent complications. Crutches are often used initially to limit weight-bearing on the repaired knee. The patient is often non weight bearing and in a knee brace for up to 6 weeks depending on the type of tear. Physical therapy is crucial for restoring knee strength and range of motion, beginning with gentle exercises and progressing as healing allows.
Recovery Timeline
Recovery from meniscal repair varies based on the size and location of the tear and the patient's overall health. Initial recovery to reduce swelling and regain basic knee movement typically takes about 4-6 weeks. Physical therapy focuses on strengthening muscles around the knee and improving flexibility, gradually increasing activity levels as guided by the surgeon. Full recovery to resume normal activities and sports can take several months, with follow-up appointments scheduled to monitor progress and adjust rehabilitation as needed.
Conclusion
Meniscal repair is a valuable procedure for preserving knee function and preventing long-term joint problems caused by meniscal tears. Successful outcomes depend on careful pre-operative planning, skilled surgical technique, and dedicated post-operative rehabilitation. Patients play a crucial role in their recovery by following medical advice, attending therapy sessions, and communicating openly with their healthcare team. By adhering to the recovery plan, patients can achieve optimal results and regain confidence in their knee's strength and stability.